木材短缺背后的事实
在整个Covid-19的大流行中，木材价格的迅速上涨都遍布新闻，每个人似乎都对这种趋势发生的原因有自己的解释。从增加的需求到缺乏木材，再到山松树摧毁树木，或者到清除的影响，这些解释都是在不同程度上真实的。
但是它们也不是完整的图片。
When it comes to pricing, it’s important to distinguish betweendemand for lumber和木材产品的供应链。And because of the differing final uses of these products, the impacts can vary extensively.
The Impact of High Demand
As lockdowns and quarantines from the COVID-19 pandemic began to interrupt businesses last year, jobs were lost in the lumber[1]industry. Many former sawmill workers turned to do-it-yourself projects around their own houses and other undertakings.
此外，新的住宅大楼正在升起。美国房屋建筑商于2021年3月开始新的房屋建设，比前几个月增长了19％。这些因素对木材产生了巨大的需求，并促进了价格上涨。
Notably, demand for wood[2]和price producers received for timber[3]were lower in 2020 than in 2019. Raw wood material consumption from January 2020 to July 2020 was 6.7% lower than the same period in 2019, representing a 13% reduction in value of the delivered wood, although this figure does not account for demand from August 2020 and forward.
The Impact of Supply Chain Disruptions
虽然需求不断上升，但价格上涨，供应链的中断也是关键的贡献者。这些干扰已在许多部门和地区分布不均。例如，纸浆和造纸行业的价格与2019年的价格保持相似。相比之下，随着消费者和生产商努力预测和适应大流行的影响，木材市场经历了供应短缺和历史上的价格高。
A key factor affecting lumber prices is the ownership of the land from where the timber is harvested. The timber supply chain[4]is composed of many small forest landowners. Privately owned corporations, individuals, nonprofits, or other non-governmental groups own 63% of U.S. forests and woodlands.
其余的37％由联邦，州，县或其他政府单位公开拥有。联邦政府占该份额的28个百分点。
政府实体没有拥有的土地没有规定规范木材价格的标准。因此，非政府实体，私人，非营利组织，个人可以控制合适的成本，通常遵循市场趋势，个人和公司决策，导致更高的定价。
收获木材后，将其运输和加工。用木材制作最终产品可能是一个或多阶段的过程。通常，第一步是将木材转变为主要产品，例如木材，木屑或木浆。额外的处理可能会或可能不会进行，这可能会影响最终定价。
据报道，由于1920年3月至9月，由于19020年3月至9月，美国在美国的纸浆和纸张相关设施中有10％的纸浆和纸张相关设施暂时关闭。这对定价有直接影响。
The U.S. is a net importer of timber and wood products. As of 2017, Canada was the U.S.’s most significant source of timber imports, and China was the largest single U.S. timber export market. In addition, a portion of the wood produced and exported from the U.S. is processed into intermediate and finished products overseas, particularly in China, and imported back into the United States.
Wood products are highly traded commodities in world markets, and these supply chains are integrated across regions and trading partners to varying degrees; the disruption to these areas has also affected pricing.
综上所述
考虑到所有的事情,直接或indirectly, including the pandemic, the disruptions to supply chains, the increase in demand, and the general uncertainty of the markets all played a role in pricing. There is no one trigger to zero in on when it comes to why the cost of lumber has escalated but rather the contribution of many factors operating all at once.
迄今为止，经济没有遵循或支持这一趋势，在很大程度上，我们没有看到劳动力市场的薪水或小时工资大幅增长。
随着事实的提出，许多事情导致全国价格上涨。但是，所有嵌入了一个常见因素：covid-19。现在，随后的疫苗接种和随后的COVID案件下降，建筑材料和其他商品的价格逐渐下跌，这是显而易见的。这表明木材价格的上涨不会成为美国或世界市场的永久性。
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有关美国和加拿大各地建设趋势的更多信息，包括人工成本，商业建筑，新住房许可等，请阅读季度建筑见解报告manbetx官网手机登入- 或查看我们的季度费用公告。
References:
Forest2Market; American Logger’s Council, August 28, 2020; Oswalt Forest Resources
[1]Lumber refers to a finished product produced from the harvested tree and timbers.
[2]Wood refers to various unspecified products produced from the timbers.
[3]Timber refers to actual trees harvested for production into lumber and other wood products; they are sometimes referred to as logs.
[4]The timber supply chain is comprised of companies that gather and transport trees from the forest to sawmills for various lumber products.
